Simulations of NBI fast ion loss in the presence of toroidal field ripple on EAST

NBI fast ion losses in the presence of the toroidal field ripple on EAST have been investigated by using the orbit code GYCAVA and the NBI code TGCO. The ripple effect was included in the upgraded version of the GYCAVA code. It is found that loss regions of NBI fast ions are mainly on the low field side near the edge in the presence of ripple. For co-current NBIs, the synergy effect of ripple and Coulomb collision on fast ion losses is dominant, and fast trapped ions located on the low field side are easily lost. The ripple well loss and the ripple stochastic loss of fast ions have been identified from the heat loads of co-current NBI fast ions. The ripple stochastic loss and the collisioninduced loss are much larger than the ripple well loss. Heat loads of lost fast ions are mainly localized on the right side of the radio frequency wave antennas from the inside view toward the first wall. For counter-current NBIs, the first orbit loss due to the magnetic drift is the dominant loss channel. In addition, fast ion loss fraction with ripple and collision for each NBI linearly increases with the effective charge number, which is related to the pitch angle scattering effect.     

Numerical study on the loss of fast ions produced by minority ion cyclotron resonance heating in EAST

The classical prompt loss of fast ions produced by minority ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH)is studied by a guiding center orbit following code in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).It is found that the loss of fast ions produced by ICRH mainly appears in both ends of the resonance layer,while the loss of fast ions in the middle resonance layer is very small.The dominant fast loss comes from trapped ions,rather than from passing ions.Controlling the location of resonance layer at the plasma core may be more beneficial to the EAST tokamak ICRH.In addition,the loss distribution of fast ions is studied.The results show that the fast ions are mainly lost near the midplane in the poloidal direction,but almost uniformly in the toroidal direction.Moreover,we investigate the dependence of fast ion loss on the ICRH power.The simulation results show that the loss fraction of fast ions in both ends of the resonance region increases with the ion cyclotron range of frequencies(ICRF)power,but barely affects the loss of fast ions in the middle region.     

煤基高能量密度燃料的合成及表征

高能量密度燃料是为新型高性能飞行器提供动力保障的关键,其合成及应用研究具有重要的前瞻性和重大战略意义。煤炭是我国的主体能源和重要原料,通过煤直接转化获取的煤基油,充分保留了煤中特有的环状分子化学结构,具有良好的热安定性和较高的能量密度,被认为是高超音速飞行器的优选燃料。以煤直接液化工艺生产的煤液化石脑油馏分为起始原料,通过富集轻质芳烃、化学合成、催化加氢稳定和产物分离提纯等方法制备煤基高能量密度燃料,并对其产物进行分子结构表征和性能评价。结果表明,煤直接液化生产的石脑油馏分是一种优异的催化重整原料,经催化重整富集轻质芳烃后,其轻质芳烃质量分数高达71.05%。Diels-Alder化学合成主产物是由多个封闭环平面组成且具有空间立体构型的二环或三环烃类物质,质量分数为46.18%,因分子内存在较大的张力能,结构紧凑,其拥有更大的密度和体积热值。煤基高能量密度燃料的密度和体积热值分别为0.8990 g/cm3与38.06 MJ/L,均大大超过现行的国内石油基喷气燃料(RP-3和RP-6)、煤基大比重喷气燃料、美国和俄罗斯军用标准。与单一纯物质合成高能量密度燃料(JP-10和T-10)比较,其密度与体积热值偏小。究其原因主要是轻质芳烃的富集度仅为71.05%,需进一步提高其轻质芳烃质量分数。另外,制备的煤基高能量密度燃料种类复杂,其主产物质量分数仅46.18%,下一步可重点调控合成产物的分子构型和纯化分离。     

塔机预埋节施工水平度控制技术探讨

根据塔机预埋节施工的特点,利用专门设计的水平度调节工具和调节方法,实现对预埋节水平度进行简便、精确的调整,通过对预埋施工全过程的有效控制,将预埋节水平度可靠的控制在0.5/1000以内.使塔机预埋节固定式底架结构的优良性能得到充分发挥,杜绝因预埋节水平度超标导致的不良后果的出现.     

吸水树脂对页岩陶粒混凝土孔隙结构影响的研究

通过在页岩陶粒轻集料混凝土中掺入吸水树脂(Super Absorbent Polymer,简称SAP),标准养护28 d后,分析了硬化混凝土的孔隙率、孔径分布等指标.试验结果表明:SAP对页岩陶粒轻集料混凝土的力学强度有显著提高,抗压强度提高了33％;此外,研究还发现掺入SAP后轻集料混凝土孔隙率降低4％,未掺SAP的轻集料混凝土孔隙的渗流维数较小,骨架分形维数较大,轻集料混凝土的渗流分形维数(Ds)与孔隙率为负相关关系,骨架分形维数(Dk)与孔隙率为正相关关系.     

Fabrication of fine-grained undoped Y2O3 transparent ceramic using nitrate pyrogenation synthesized nanopowders

Y₂O₃ ceramic is a promising optical material for mid-infrared (IR) windows and domes. Improvements in the mechanical and thermal performance of this material have become urgent if it is to perform adequately under extreme conditions. Herein, Y₂O₃ nanopowders were produced through the nitrate pyrogenation method. The final Y₂O₃ transparent ceramics were fabricated with a hybrid sintering method combining low temperature presintering and a subsequent hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment. The synthesis of nanopowders and the fabrication of the final ceramic products were investigated in detail. The Y₂O₃ ceramic sample that was presintered at 1350?°C provided the optimum microstructure for HIP treatment and resulted in an average grain size of 0.5?µm. Owing to the reduced grain size, the flexure strength and Vickers hardness of the sample were improved to 180?MPa and 8.4?GPa, respectively. Furthermore, the achieved pure Y₂O₃ ceramic demonstrated an excellent thermal conductivity at high temperature.     

云南多民族地区电站增值税管理创新实践与思考

从多民族地区增值税管理的特点和难点、增值税管理实践及电站特殊时期增值税管理创新等方面进行分析,乌弄龙、里底水电站积极应对国家税制改革和税收政策调整,在增值税管理创新实践中克服困难、总结经验,勇于创新,取得了显著成效,为企业节省了投资,增加了效益,提升了电站的投资回报,实现了降本增效。     

上海合作组织青岛峰会新闻中心结构设计

上海合作组织青岛峰会新闻中心呈"山尖之峰"的外造型,内部为大空间的展厅.经过方案对比,确定采用框架-剪力墙结构体系.采用斜柱+拉梁结合挑梁的方式来实现建筑外倾造型.通过一次结构上升二次结构方式来避免结构错层,并实现阶梯式平面和屋面.通过在梁柱内置高延性型钢来提高倾斜、悬挑构件的抗震性能.通过细化构造来保证节点钢筋的锚固要求.结构设计充分利用了建筑空间,完美实现了建筑造型,即契合了方案效果,又达到了经济效益.